Fine Tuning. Beginning in the early 1900’s, scientists began to notice some strange, interesting things about the strength of various forces and factors in the universe and on earth. They have been finding, curiously, that if these were very slightly different, things would not work out well, in some cases the universe would have collapsed (gravity), or everything on earth would burn, or we could not breathe (oxygen in our atmosphere). In physics they are called “constants.” Many more of them have continued to be discovered, in chemistry as well. These are problems for anti-design scientists to explain, in physics and chemistry, even biology.
Some scientists see this fine-tuning as aimed at making life and humans possible, and even at making science possible, for example our very clear atmosphere, making the universe observable from earth, unusual from planets generally. Darwinism just insists all is aimless, random, and undesigned.
Living cells. Beginning in the 1940’s, the facts about DNA began to be known. As recently as 1953, its double helix shape was discovered, and since then scientists, using electron microscopes, have learned much more about what goes on inside living cells, and are still learning. Darwin, in 1869, would have known none of this. and it was assumed then and for many years there was only goo in them, dubbed protoplasm. In recent decades, their extreme complexity, like a busy but well-controlled factory or city inside each living cell, is becoming more and more discovered, using those electron microscopes and new lab methods. Living cells are so small that 200 of the smallest or 100 of the largest would fit on a small pinhead or dot (like this.). Yet DNA, which can be up to 6 feet long, is all curled up in each, and uncurls itself to be read for directions for the building of many specific proteins needed to work in there, or for producing new cells. This happens in even the simplest of cells.
The universe is full of organic molecules, but no way has been discovered or even imagined that they can make themselves into a living cell, and new discoveries increasingly make that even harder to imagine. And Darwinian evolution only can begin once living cells already exist.
When a human (or animal) body begins from one cell which splits and splits, those new cells each decide where to go and what kind of cell to be to body-build. Eventually, 50 or more trillion of them make up all the various parts of one human body, working together, with varying numbers in every living creature, all extremely complex. Knowledge of all this is growing faster and faster in this 21st century. Many school textbooks haven’t kept up.
